Logarithmic functions

John Napier is the man credited to have contributed hugely to the fields of science, philosophy and mathematics. Many believe that he is the brainchild of the modern computer science since he helped in making multiplication, division and root extraction much easier especially for very large numbers. In the world of mathematics the genius of a man, John Napier is credited to have invented the logarithms as early as 1614 and states in his book The â€Å"Descriptio† that he started contemplating the idea of logarithms twenty years earlier which was in the year 1594. Using Napier’s table in his book, calculations were made using the logarithm identities. These are the present first and second laws of logarithms: Log XY = Log X + Log Y as well as Log X / Y =Log X – Log Y. In his book â€Å"the Descriptio†John Napier defined logarithmic function as a differential equation. When the base is â€Å"b† and the variable is â€Å"x† the logarithm to the base â€Å"b† of the variable â€Å"x† can be defined as the â€Å"power to which you would raise â€Å"b† to get â€Å"x†. Other scientists define logarithm as â€Å"the exponent to which the base must be raised to produce a given number†(Standler, B.R 1990). That is expressed as: if Logbx   = n the bn = x or if Y = bLogx = by = x. there are three laws of logarithm that scientists use in interpreting logarithm: These laws are: The product to sum rule – This law expresses that the product of a logarithm is equal to the sum of the individual logarithms and is expressed as: Log bXY = Log b X+ Log b Y The second law – The quotient of different rule: states that the logarithm of a quotient is the same as subtracting the logarithm of the denominator from the logarithm of the numerator; Logbx/y = Log bx – Logby The third and final law – The power rule; states that logarithm of x equals to the exponent of that power multiplied to the logarithm of x Log bXn =nLogb X Common logarithms As earlier identified a logarithm to be valid must contain a base and a variable. Logarithms are classified into two: Natural logarithms and Common logarithm. In common logarithms the base of the logarithm is assumed to be 10 when not indicated in a function, that is â€Å"log 100 = 2 if the base is not indicated† since if log 10100 = x therefore 10x = 100 hence x = 2. Common logarithm is more prevalent when using arithmetic series as opposed to geometric series. Natural logarithms In the common logarithm system the base is expressed as b whereas in natural logarithms the base number is expressed as â€Å"e†. This number â€Å"e† comes into use after the great mathematician from Switzerland by the name Leonhard Euler. Currently â€Å"e† is the base used in calculus and has since been named as â€Å"natural base†. The value â€Å"e† Can be calculated from a series of factorials starting from one (1) This is; â€Å"e† = 1 + 1/1 +  ½ +1/3 +  ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and from this, the value of â€Å"e† is approximately 2.71828182845904. Currently, when Mathematicians calculate the natural logarithm of a number they indicate it as (log x) whereas physicists and engineers denote natural logarithms as lnX. Therefore log eX=ln X(Olds, C.D.1963) Logarithms make multiplication and division easier especially when using very big numbers, very small numbers and those with decimal points. Scientists use of the 1st and 2nd laws of logarithms when adding the logarithms of the numbers the result is the logarithm of the product of those numbers whereas. Subtracting the logarithms of two numbers gives the logarithm of the quotient of the numbers. These arithmetic properties of logarithms make such calculations much faster and less laborious. Although logarithm table are slowly becoming obsolete due to the invention of calculators and computers, logarithms themselves are still very useful. However, for manual calculations which also require a great degree of precision the logarithm tables are easier since one only needs to look up in the logarithm table and do some summation which are faster and easier than performing multiplication (Weisstein, E.W 2007). Other than making calculations less labor intensive and much faster the use of logarithms also increases the accuracy of the results of calculations. This is because the use of logarithms allows minimal errors as the values in the table are approximations of the actual values and thus the error is spread. The Keplers Rudolphine table that was published in 1627, made use of the logarithms and this resulted in more accurate values of latitudes of stars. They also together with Napier’s Analogues made it cheaper and easier to calculate angles and sides of spherical triangles. The importance of this new technique is evidenced by the development of logarithmic methods based on logarithmic scales enables multiplication to be quick and easy since there is decreased long multiplication. Logarithms are very essential in the work of astronomists, navigators, mathematicians and all other scientific fields like chemistry and physics. Logarithms for chemists Chemists use logarithms to calculate chemical reactions that are ever occurring in the world that we are living in. for instance the measure of acidity of a substance is made easier when using logarithms. In the PH scale substances have PH ranging from 0 –7. A juice with PH of 4 is 10 times more acidic that the one with a PH of 5. This PH scale is logarithmic and when there is a PH change of 1 unit the acidity changes by factor of 10. As identified by students of chemistry the strength of the acidity changes towards the negative direction that is the higher the PH, the less acidic the solution. This was calculated by use of very small numbers such as 0.00001 that is written in logarithmic form as (1 x 10-5) where –5 is the logarithm of the number (Standler B.R.1990). As we all know acidic solutions contain hydrogen ions H+(aq) and the pH is found by measuring the logarithm of the concentration of these ions and since many people would be confused by negative numbers, the PH is written assuming the negative sign and this not withstanding, the PH is a logarithmic scale and the acidity of a solution with a given PH is different from that of the next pH number not by 1unit but by factor 10. Electrical and Electronic engineers use decibels and bels as units of measurements. The bell is devised in a convenient way to measure power loss in a telephone system wiring rather than giving in amplifiers – originally, the bel used to represent the amount of signal power loss due to resistance over a standard length of electrical cable, however, it is presently defined in terms of logarithms of base 10. The Richter scale that is used to measure the earthquake intensity is a perfect analogy of the bel scale. The 6.0 Richter earthquakes are 10 times more powerful than a 5.0 Richter earthquake. This means that an advantage of using a logarithmic measurement scale is the tremendous range of extension affordable by a relatively small span of numerous values. Reference: Strandler, R.B 1990 â€Å"Editorial†: Mathematics for engineers. The journal of Undergraduate mathematics and its application vol II, pages 1-6, spring Olds, C, D, 1963. Continued fractions, Random House New York Weisstein, Eric W. â€Å"Natural logarithm† from math world a wolfram web resource Accessed online on 23/09/07   

Zappos faces Competitive Advantages Essay

Zappos faces Competitive Advantages Chapter 1 6/9/13 Zappos is an online retailer that has found its business on 10 core values that help successfully run their business. The company is known for their culture. They feel that culture evaluate how the employees will perform their job functions. The questions below will define what challenges they will face when competitive challenges intervene. 1. Zappos seems to be well-positioned to have a competitive advantage over other online retailers. What challenges discussed in Chapter 1 pose the biggest threat to Zappo’s ability to maintain and enhance its competitive position? How can human resource management practices help Zappos meet these challenges? Although Zappos is well-positioned to have a competitive advantage over other online retailers one of the biggest threats in my opinion that they will face is globalization. I say this because from the reading; Zappos use competitive pricing. However, in international markets products have a cheaper price and their shipping rates vary. Therefore, Zappos wouldn’t be able to offer their free shipping if they were to relocate into international markets. Another challenge they are likely to have pose on their business if they enter into international markets is sustainability. Sustainability basically goes hand in hand with globalization because they would have to be able to adapt to the change when entering into these markets. For example, the economy is changing everyday throughout the United States and internationally with how businesses run. With the pricing in these markets going international is going to also affect how their business will successfully run. Human resource practices can help meet these challenges by helping recruit the right employees to still promote the vision that Zappos currently hold. They can do this by interviewing through assessment testing to make sure they have the skills and requirements for the position of which they apply. Also, these practices if performed correctly can help them in  evaluating the environment in which they choose to locate internally as well as externally so that their business practices are performed. 2. Do you think that employees of Zappos have high levels of engagement? Why? I believe that Zappos demonstrates a well engaged employee relationship within the company. I say this because any company that takes the time to have outside lunches with the staff in order to hear the different ideas that they have come up with, believes in a satisfied worker and work environment. Many companies in today’s society only listen when a complaint is made over their 1800 hotline. Zappos actually take the time out and listen to every complaint of their employees individually. 3. Which of Zappos’ 10 core values do you believe that human resource practices can influence the most? The least? Why? For each of the core values, identify the HR practices that are related to it. Explain how each of the HR practice(s) you identified is related to the core values. I believe that human resource practices could influence the most is Zappos customer service. Customer service is needed throughou Core Values: 1. Deliver Wow through service— Sustainability 2. Embrace and drive change— 3. Create fun and a little weirdness—Sustainability 4. Be adventurous, creative, and open minded—Sustainability 5. Pursue growth and learning—- 6. Build open and honest relationships with communication—Sustainability 7. Build a positive team and family spirit—Technology 8. Do more with less—Sustainability 9. Be passionate and determined—Sustainability 10. Be humble—Sustainability

Psychology Journal Essay

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jaime, a nine-year-old kid living nearby is the youngest son of a couple namely Cel and Eugene. He has 4 siblings who are of a large age gap with him, somewhat around 7, to be exact. The boy is fond of racing cars, playing basketball, â€Å"hide and seek† and interactive games with his neighbors and cousins living near their compound. Since his siblings are from different levels, that three of them are already in college, he finds company with other young boys in town like for Aldrin and Benedict. His parents try to understand him since they could not provide the boy with the things he needed like for material things and also the time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Looking at the situation of the young boy, it can be said that, reading and analyzing his family background, he needs some attention from the parents and he finds it in the presence of his friends and playmates. For some other kids who are lacking for attention, they might bully other children or might really someone who seeks attention badly by acting strange or hitting others. But the kid is just hyperactive on play time and he pays attention on his class, studies well on weekends before going to sleep and do household chores like washing the dishes when his sisters are not at home. Therefore the kid is a normal kid, without having attention deficit disorders and some bullying attitudes that might be evident for young people who do not receive adequate time and attention.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The parents are lucky though to have inculcated good breeding with their son who in turn realizes at his young age the essence of behaving properly outside the house.   Having a lot of different friend from different families, the boy might be affected for some point, that he can adapt their attitudes. But it never came to a point that the family had some trouble with Jaime. Like most of the children who have problems for concentration, I think it would not cost the family much for treatments and sessions with a psychiatrist who treats ADHD and the like for kids at Jaime’s age. From the article of Richard R. Matt, the discipline and behavior of a child is of great importance with a kid to become efficient in their education or studies. In Jaime’s case, it is not a problem hence; he is part of the honor roll in his batch. References Richard R. Matte and Jon A. Bolaski. ADHD in the Classroom, Part 1: Strategies for  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Behavior Management. Retrieved December 5, 2007 from  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.selfhelpmagazine.com/articles/child_behavior/cfadhd01.html

By using ''The Three Ecologies'' by Felix Guattari and '' Essay

By using ''The Three Ecologies'' by Felix Guattari and '' Frankenstein'' to use evidence. find a subject in which the Three ecol - Essay Example As a result, the global world will experience increasing homogenization from the sponsorship of control forces, which he names Integrated World Capitalism. It is under the three relation types (subjective, social and environmental), which constitute the three ecologies under the Guattari’s book title (Ricke, 2012). This article will discuss the environmental impacts of a meat industry. In addition, the essay will focus on the measures that people can take to reduce the environmental disasters and why people fail to act as a group. Guattari indicates that people should think in unison about the three crucial ecologies based on a worldwide scale under the ethico-political point of view as he labels it ecosophy (p. 28). According to Guattari, it is unheard of for people to separate the three ecologies especially because he argues that the divide in culture/nature has fallen down due to technical developments (Ricke, 2012). Extending the meaning of ecology in order to take into co nsideration the human subjectivity, environmental concerns and social relations, â€Å"The Three Ecologies† indicates that all the ecological Earth crisis threatening the planet originates from capitalism's expansion. Therefore, Guattari suggests that people should develop new ecosophical strategies that will respect the distinctions between a living system and another. On this note, it is essential to discuss the environmental impacts of meat production and consumption. Environmental impacts of meat industries By March 2010, the global production of meat tripled, and the trend had been so for three continuous decades. Consequently, by 2020, the meat productions all over the world will double the amount currently (Dosse, 2011). The increasing livestock evolution exerts several impacts not only to the environment, but also to the social life such as environmental destruction, worldwide economy, and impacts on human health. Brief Background Statistics show a shocking aspect by indicating that when a person consumes one pound in meat form, it is equal as leveling fifty-five square feet in terms of rainforest. The production of meat is the leading contributing aspect causing environmental issues in the world such as water crisis, pollution, climate change, rainforest destruction and the diminishing arable farmland (Miller & Spoolman, 2008). In as much as people might gather health advantages of consuming meat, the same not only puts their health at risk, but also indicates a significant danger to the environment in the future. More so, it is crucial to outline some of the key results in the report. Over 1.7 billion livestock in the world constitutes the livestock production, which occupy over a quarter of the entire land on Earth. The production and distribution of animal staple feed takes around a third of the entire arable land. At least forty percent of the worldwide agricultural product from the domestic sources comes from livestock production (Guattari , 2005). The sector of livestock production inclusive of transport and feed production emits at least eighteen percent of the entire greenhouse air pollution through gas emissions in the world (Ricke, 2012). Around 800 million citizens in the US could consume the entire grain that livestock feed. The industries feed their farm animals using at least 70 percent of the grain. Industries consume over a half of the total water consumption in the US for livestock product

The case of christ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The case of christ - Essay Example From this movement has come the Christian apologetics who, according to The Christian Apologetics & Research Ministry, are a group of people that â€Å"use logic and evidence to defend Christianity and promote the truth of the Bible†(Slick, 2011). Perhaps one of the most influential books from the Christian Apologetics movement is The Case for Christ which proposes a myriad of evidence that supports the existence of Jesus Christ as the Son of God. Lee Stobel and Jane Vogel, authors of the Student Version of The Case for Christ, provide a summary of who Jesus Christ was. At the very core of the argument is that Jesus was the Messiah and the Son of God (Strobel and Vogel, 23). His role on Earth was to save the sinners which was accomplished by sacrificing himself and dying on the cross for everyone’s sins. One of the important aspects of this that the authors take on is the fact that Jesus did not explicitly state that he was God: â€Å"Some of Jesus’ statements a s they are recorded in the Bible don’t seem to be clear claims that Jesus is God†(Strobel and Vogel, 23). However, Strobel provides several scriptures that support the claim that Jesus believed he was God and through conversations with disciples, followers, and others stated as much. Some of the evidence included Matthew 16: 15-17 where Jesus asks Peter who he (Peter) thinks Jesus is and Peter replies â€Å"You’re the Christ, the Messiah, the Son of the Living God†(Strobel and Vogel, 23). Strobel present very convincing evidence that Jesus was in fact the Messiah by way of presenting Isaiah 53 which is in essence a prophecy of who the Messiah would be. Strobel claims that Jesus matched the prophecy and that many of these aspects could not be manipulated by Jesus in order to make them match such as birthplace, family, the betrayal by Judas Iscariot, and the guards that gambled over Jesus’ clothes when he was dying on the cross(Strobel and Vogel, 44-4 6). Since Isaiah 53 was written hundreds of years before Jesus was born, the argument that Jesus was indeed the Messiah is extremely convincing. The next step in presenting the case for Christ is to delve into the reliability of the Gospels which are the books of the Bible that detail Jesus Christ and his life. Strobel presents evidence that indicates that these books are quite reliable. The biggest piece of evidence is the differences between Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. Although many people would say these contradictions make the books less reliable, Strobel disagrees stating that â€Å"the idea is that if the writers were lying, they’d make sure to get their stories straight—and they’d agree in every detail. What seems to be a contradiction is often the same event viewed from different perspectives†(Strobel and Vogel, 54). Additionally, Strobel brings up an interesting point about the timeline of Christ’s death and the teachings of Paul. Accor ding to Strobel, the timeline suggests that Paul came to learn about Christ dying on the cross for the world’s sins and his resurrection within 2-5 years of it occurring. Strobel makes the argument that the fact Christianity was already teaching this aspect about Christ suggests that â€Å"that’s far too fast for legend to have developed and wiped out a core of historical truth†(Strobel and Vogel, 60). This is compelling evidence since it is widely thought that the time

Mgt dq 2 wk2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mgt dq 2 wk2 - Essay Example Strategic management is a broader concept that includes strategic planning as a component of a company-wide analysis of top level managerial procedures. Other activities that are included as a component of strategic management include the development of policies, allocation of resources, and evaluations of performance related to initially specified goals. Analyses are a key feature of strategic management, as is the inclusion of tactics, finances, and objectives in the formation of a complex but thorough managerial method. Some of the prominent advantages associated with strategic management are the development of market foresight, quick reactions to unexpected problems, fostering dedication within the company, and the early identification of opportunities for improvement (Leiponen & Helfat, 2010). The type of businesses that would benefit the most from strategic management are those which are relatively stable over long periods of time. The method produces strategies that are meant to be long-term in scope, but rapidly changing markets and/or operation restrictions could make this goal virtually impossible (Wall, 2010) using traditional strategic management methods alone. However, strategic management is highly valuable where chaos is less of a concern, as it may be the best option to optimize the use of available

Da Vinci's The Last Supper - Image Analysis Assignment

Da Vinci's The Last Supper - Image Analysis - Assignment Example When one examines the work it is fairly simple to understand how the apostles’ reactions to Jesus depict their astonishment at his words. Da Vinci depicts them as astonished, crystallized in a performative, nearly ironic state of shock. Symbolically the image groups the apostles in groups of three, with each different group reacting to Jesus’ announcement in subtle yet pronounced ways. The groupings of three hold obvious religious significance as the number is echoed throughout the Bible in a number of incarnations. Perhaps the most relevant such incarnation in the context of this work is that which refers to Jesus’ resurrection after three days, as a direct result of his betrayal that led to his eventual crucifixion at the hands of the Romans. In one grouping, Bartholomew, James, son of Alphaeus and Andrew are depicted together as simple surprised. In another grouping, Judas Iscariot, Peter, and John are depicted together. In terms of Biblical significance this last grouping is the most relevant in terms of relation to Christ, as well as narrative significance within the painting. Peter and John represent two of the closet and Biblically significant disciples; also, as is well understood, Judas Iscariot is the one that would eventually betray Jesus.

Greatest Communicator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Greatest Communicator - Essay Example It should also be known that a good communicator has effective listening skills. Moe has outstanding qualities when it comes to communication. It is from how he speaks to the audience that makes him unique. Moe has impacted lives of most students positively as well as keeping in check the performance of the students. In terms of monotony, Moe breaks it by adding stories to the speech. Moreover, he also involves his audience in the conversation by asking questions. Moe has various communication skills that make him notable. Moe has an impressive confidence that makes him stand out from other communicator. Confidence is vital because it ensures that the communicator delivers a speech full of content. Moreover, Moe uses direct contact in ensuring that he clearly delivers the message. The use of eye contact also ensures that the communicator gets the attention required from the audience. The ability to influence the audience’s emotions by his sense of humour clearly makes Moe unique in terms of communication. Effective communication skills by Moe impacts individuals on a significant margin. When presenting a speech, it is crucial that the audience gets emotionally tuned as well as enjoy the speech. Use of gestures like Moe ensures that the audience gets information clearly as well as enjoys the speech. The speaker’s use of non-verbal cues is of great necessity as it ensures that the audience does get bored. Hence, this impacts individuals especially those in management position and leadership positions to sharpen their communication skills (Cohn, 2007). Moreover, involving the audience in the presentation of speech makes them ride along. Direct eye contact is vital in enhancing emphasis to a given statement or speech. Moe also involves the audience in the speech makes the audience interact freely with the speaker and in case of this relations the speaker may takes some time to mentor his audience. Communication when done in the most effective way becomes

A Role for Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

A Role for Theory - Research Paper Example Theory therefore has become the basis of further advanced learning. The group theory perspective is one important idea that could help explain public-policy origination, implementation and/or execution. At some point, this covers elemental ideas that could help explain the preferences of certain political parties (Simon, 2010, p.24). As observed, people when come into a group would usually create strong political power. In fact, when there is consensus over everything, power or voices of the majority usually prevails. More about these ideas are actually emphasized in detail through the group theory perspective. Therefore, it is important that even though theory would not become the basis of the actual truth, it could stand as a significant framework prior to the discovery of more advanced form of learning. Theory therefore could either be proven or should become the basis of improving higher form of knowledge or ideas on certain things. In the case of group theory together with its p erspectives, it is clear that it has become the basis and even stepping stone to leapfrog in the field of public policy origination, implementation and/or execution. Group theory is composed of theoretical models of group behavior which one could use to predict the kind or level of policy creation or implementation needed (Smith, 2007, p.6). In other words, with group theory one would have the chance to picture out certain group behavioral models so as to provide substantial reduction of complexity in understanding group behaviors. After all, policy creation and implementation relied on certain things and these include group reaction or its level of response. I believe that generally public policy theories have a role to play in the daily lives of policy practitioners as these would supplement their understanding of the policy-making activities aside from actual

Reliability and Validity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reliability and Validity - Assignment Example For the diagnosis to be termed accurate, the features identified have to be same every time if the test is to be termed reliable. This is measured by a correlation between the two test outcomes over all the participants. This method expresses the generalisability of the test scores over different test occasions by assessing stability of the test outcomes (Hempel, 2005). Hempel (2005) explains that this method of testing reliability varies with the type of tests, i.e. ability or traits and attitudes or states assessment. In both cases, repetitive responses based on previous memory is a high possibility thereby giving incorrect measures of reliability. Secondly, the traits tend to change with time, and this would depict low reliability measure, which is again incorrect (Garb, 2002). In such cases, the time period between the tests needs to be recorded appropriately in order to obtain accurate reliability measure. In case of validity, the test should be able to measure what is intended to be measured with minimum or no possibilities of change in behaviors. Reliability of the test decides the amount of correction and incorrect decisions that are made as an outcome of the test. Therefore, reliability is necessary for confirming validity. At the same time, validity of results obtained from this method is higher when the time gap is minimal; however, this minimum time varies with situation or behavior being

The resistance in a conductor Essay Example for Free

The resistance in a conductor Essay This will consequently increase the resistance of the wire. However if the wire was shorter, the free electrons will not collide with the atoms as much as it did when it was longer. So now I can conclude that resistance is directly proportional to length and that if the length of the wire doubles its resistance doubles. If I draw a graph representing current against voltage for different lengths of wire, then it will look like this: The shortest wire of these will be the steepest in the graph; this is because it has the least resistance and therefore supplied the least voltage. The longest wire will have the greatest resistance and will be represented by the lowest line on the graph. Material of the wire: Here I use two different materials for the wires and calculate their resistance. I have chosen copper and nichrome. I will use the same procedure as mentioned before to calculate the resistance and I will set up the apparatus as first mentioned while keeping the thickness and the length of the wires same. If I were to draw a graph representing current against voltage, for this experiment it will look sort of like this: Thickness of the wire: Resistance: Resistance and length: If I plot a graph to show how resistance varies with length, it will show me something similar to this predicted graph: The graph passes through the origin, which concludes that , however much I increase the length, the resistance will increase by the same amount. Resistance decreases if the cross-section area is increased. An example can help to get a clearer picture; a narrow wire has fewer paths existing for the electrons to move through. While a larger wire has many more paths they could take. This makes conduction easier. It can be shown that the relationship between the cross-section area, A and resistance is R ? 1/A OR R ? K/A Where k is a constant that depends on the length and type of material. If I plot a graph to show how resistance varies with area, this will be shown: Unlike the graph for length, the line doesnt pass through the origin. However: R ? 1/A means that a graph of R against 1/A will show direct proportion. If I plot a graph to show how resistance varies with 1/Area, I will get this: Free electron conducting in metal Conductors: Conductors ( e. g. copper, aluminum ) are those substances which easily allow the passage of electric current through them. It is because there are a large number of free electrons available in a conductor. In terms of energy band, the valence and conduction bands overlap each other as shown below. Due to this overlapping, a slight potential difference across a conductor causes the free electrons to form electric current. Thus the electrical behaviour of conductors can be effectively explained by the band energy theory of materials. Prior test In order to rely on my results, I take the readings of the current for the increasing and the decreasing currents; giving a prior test. Material: Length: Thickness: Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. Experiment This first trial is to test the accuracy and the realism of the experiment itself. It also shows us that as the temperature has an effect on resistance. I will use a 100cm long strip of Nichrome wire and attach it to the circuit and the current will be raised and recordings will be taken at different levels. 1. Attach 100cm Nichrome wire. 2. Turn on the power supply and raise the current. 3. Take reading from the voltmeter. 4. Continue raising the power recording voltmeter readings. This above procedure will require the following equipment given below: 1. 100cm Nichrome wire 2. Ammeter 0 to 200 mA 3. Voltmeter 0 to 20 volts 4. Rheostat 5. Crocodile clips 6. Battery 7. Switch with key 8. Connecting wires By adjusting the rheostat the voltage are increasing in steps of 0. 15 V to 0. 50 V. Each time noting down the corresponding ammeter readings. I do this to make sure the readings of the ammeter while increasing and decreasing the voltage are the same almost with a slight variation, therefore making sure that no heating has taken place. I will then note down the ammeter readings while decreasing the voltage in steps of 0. 50 V to 0. 15 V, and Ill take the average current readings as this will improve the reliability of my experiment. I will use a table similarly to the one drawn and record my readings and calculate the resistance. Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm Thickness: 0. 45mm Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V). Sly. No Average = 5. 70 And now I will draw a graph representing current against voltage, and then I will take the line of best fit from which I will take the gradient and check whether the results I have obtained graphically matches the results in the table. Obtaining Evidence In this part of my task, I will show all my graphs and results that I have obtained after carrying out the experiments. I have done the same process as I have planned earlier. My experiment will be based on these:   Length (same thickness and different lengths)   Thickness (same length and different thickness). Resistors in series Resistors in parallel Different Lengths Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. No Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 75cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA). Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. No   Average = 6. 49 Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 50cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 25cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. Resistance = 1/440 = 0. 00227 x 1000 = 2. 27 Different Thickness Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm Thickness: 0. 90mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage)Voltage (V) Sly. No Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. No Average = 8. 40 Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm Thickness: 0. 56mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. Average = 4. 86 Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm Thickness: 0. 32mm mA Resistance (? )Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. NAverage = 8. 73 Resistance from graph Thickness: 93 Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm and 50cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly.   Average = 12. 79 Resistance from graph 100cm and 75cm Gradient = y/x = 25. 15/0. 40 =62. 87 Resistance = 1/62. 87 = 0. 01590 x 1000 = 15. 90 100cm and 50cm. Gradient = y/x = 23. 55/0. 30 = 78. 5 Resistance = 1/78. 5 = 0. 012738 x 100 = 12. 73 Parallel Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm and 75cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. Average = 3. 69 Material: Nichrome Wire Length: 100cm and 50cm Thickness: 0. 45mm mA. Resistance (? ) Average Current (mA) Current (decreasing in voltage) Current (increasing voltage) Voltage (V) Sly. No Resistance   Analyzing Evidence. Here in this part of my experiment I will prove that my hypothesis and my obtained results obey the ohms law. This is where the results from my graphs and the results I have already obtained earlier will be compared; talking about its proportionality. Variation in length: When the length of the wire boosts, the amount of atoms present in it also boosts. The variation of these atoms block the passage of electrons passing through the wire. A slower flow of electrons will therefore lead to less current passing through the wire hence the longer the wire, the longer the electrons have to travel, so they come across more collision. From this statements I predict that the resistance increases with the length of the increasing wire. Hypothesis: It is expected that the resistance should increase in proportion to the length. The resistance should be considerably higher for the 100cm length than it is for the 50cm length. Theoretically the resistance for the 100cm length should be 2 times that of the 50cm length. The reason for this was explained earlier. Resistance will increase with length. Resistance is proportional to length. In this table below I will show the results I have obtained from the graph and the table: ? R/L = constant Average R (graph)R (table) Length of wire (cm). From the above table I have concluded that resistance increases with length and as the length doubles, the resistance doubles about with it. The column R/L is roughly constant. This supports my hypothesis that resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its length. The even increase of resistance with length can be explained by the clashes that take place in a wire as current flows through it. When the current flows through a wire, the free electrons collide with the atoms of the wire. The longer the wire the more collisions occur. And this will result in an increase in the resistance. However, the shorter the wire, less the collision, hence less resistance. I will show the relationship between length of a wire and its resistance on a graph, from the values of the above table. And this will confirm my conclusion that length is directly proportional to its resistance. Results The resistance is clearly increasing as the length of the wire increases. And when the length of the wire doubles, its resistance also doubles. The results shown in graph is exactly what is anticipated to happen as stated in the hypothesis. From the table above we can see that as the length doubles, the resistance also approximately doubles. In the last column R/L if found to be constant somewhat, therefore making it obey the ohms law R ? L The predicted graph drawn between R and L looks like this: Variation of thickness This experiment is needed to confirm that the resistance of a wire is inversely proportional to its diameter. If the cross-section of a wire is enlarged this means that the area on which the electrons move will be enlarged. Thus suggesting that there will be no clouds of electrons and atoms. The current can travel easily with nothing increasing the resistance. Likewise if the wire is narrower the obstruction will be crossed by the electrons will be lesser and therefore the current will decrease. Hypothesis It is expected that the thinnest wire will have the highest resistance because a thicker wire offers less resistance to current than a thinner one of the same material. This is because current consists of electrons flowing through the metal of the wire. The electrons hop from atom to atom in the metal in reaction to the electric field in the circuit. A conductor with a larger cross-section allows more electrons to intermingle with the fields.

Saudi Arabia And America Essay Example for Free

Saudi Arabia And America Essay When you talk or hear about Saudi Arabia and America, you know they are talking about the most important two countries in the world. When I graduated from high school in my country Saudi Arabia I was not thinking about to study out of the country. I applied for King Abdul-Aziz University in Jeddah I have been there for just one month until my brother asked me to go to United State of America. I had no idea what are the difference between my country and America when I arrived to America I saw too many difference between my country and U. S such as Food, Cost. The first thing and the most important thing is Food. There are big different between my country and United State Of America like there in Saudi Arabia most of week days we eat rice with fish, chicken and meat, and I like this way too much because I always play two times a day so I think I need a lot of protein and also my family cook every day in our home while here in America their food it always burger and pizza and here in America me and my brother do not cook every day and it’s hard for us because I used to eat my mother cocking almost every day but now I eat too much fast food such as burgers, pizzas . The second thing that everyone doesn’t like is The Cost. There are big different between Saudi Arabia and United States of America like there in my country the oil is cheaper than water because we have a lot of oil wells that why it is cheap. In my country we don’t have any taxes. For example, if I have place that sells cigarettes I don’t pay for any tax. Here in America the oil is so expensive if you want to buy a car you have to think that if you can afford buying the oil for your car and if you can’t afford you can’t buy a car. The taxes are so expensive in U.  S and this is why life in America is more expensive than Saudi Arabia because everything you buy has tax. Life is beautiful and trying new experiences is more beautiful. The experience I had and I will never forget about the first day in America. The food was my biggest problem because I was eating almost every day my mother cocking but here in America I eat fast food such as burger, pizza. The Oil in Saudi Arabia is cheaper than water but in America is so expensive. We don’t have any taxes in Saudi Arabia this is why life in Saudi Arabia is cheaper than America.

Organic Chicken Farming Advantages And Disadvantages Environmental Sciences Essay

Organic Chicken Farming Advantages And Disadvantages Environmental Sciences Essay One of the main goals of organic chicken farming is self sufficiency. Taking responsibility from beginning to end of the life cycle of chickens, and creating a more sustainable farm is one of their missions. Organic chicken have been found to have fewer toxins than commercially raised poultry which often contains hormones, antibiotics, and trace amounts of pesticides (Wozniak 2010). Organic farms use brooders; chicken tractors, organic feed, as well as the Government Districts provided the basic equipment needed to do the processing. The District purchases a set of Kill Cones, a Scalder and a Plucker from the Featherman Company to rent out to small farmers for on farm use, and we were the first farm that used this equipment. When analyzing the advantages of organic poultry, flavor, nutrients, and lack of chemicals being present tend to outweigh the price change. Many aspects about meat quality are also taken into consideration when processing organic chicken. Many things need to be i dentified such as; age at slaughtering, physical activity, pasture intake, and genetic strains (Castellini 2008). The chickens at the majority of organic farms are not given any growth hormones or antibiotics. This process is creating new awareness about commercially raised chicken, which may also be exposed to contaminants, like heavy metals, which appear in some commercial chicken food (Fakayode 2003). Health risks for commercially raised chickens compared to organically grown locally processed chickens, is prevalent throughout our food industry, and farms need to take action. Introduction Organic chicken farming is seen as more beneficial than other forms of organic meat production because the animals take up less space and grow to large sizes relatively quickly. Organic chicken is raised without antibiotics due to hormones being illegal in the United States. The health of your chicken flock is more difficult to keep up with due to the lack of drugs to speed development. Organic feed costs more than conventional feed, but organic chickens are sold for higher prices. The good outweighs the difficulties when it comes to organic chicken raising and processing. The use of organic feed, has been produced without chemicals and has not had any chemicals that were applied for at least three years. The price increases for organic chickens are due to the cost of feed, production, and labor needed for processing and the extra care that is used for organic chickens. The materials used for disinfecting livestock facilities should be non-synthetic or they should be on the National List and consistently used with any restrictions. Currently, the only synthetic equipment and facility cleaners allowed in organic farms are chlorine products such as sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide; hydrogen peroxide, and phosphoric acid. Organic food production has increased 20% a year, which is far ahead of the rest of the industry, all over the world (Fakayode 2003). Methods Organic Chicken Processing begins with an area called a brooder. A brooder is a heated container that can have its temperature controlled in at least one area. It is used to confine chickens with their feed and water until six weeks old then placed outside. After six weeks old the broiler chickens are taken and transferred into chicken tractors which are made out of all recycled material, and includes recycled corrugated plastic roofing. With half of the roof open and the other half plastic roofing, it allows the chickens to be protected from weather conditions. The enclosed box is without a floor, a bell drinker is used for water, and chicken feeders are placed along the tractor, under the enclosed area. Chickens are fed twice a day organic grain blend. These chicken tractors keep chickens protected from predators such as, coyote, raccoons, and owls. It also allows chickens to fertilize the pastures. They are placed on a strict rotation schedule of two to three times a day rotation to clear grass areas. The pen is then moved two times a day so that the chickens manure will be spread out more and wont kill the grass as easily. It will also allow the chickens more fresh grass. A special dolly is placed under one of the 10ft. sides. The pen is then pulled from the opposite end. A wire with a piece of cut garden hose on it is attached to the bottom board at each of the corners of the 10ft. side. The person then lifts up the end of the pen with the wire, holding on to the garden hose and pulls the pen with the makeshift dolly 12ft. until the back edge of the pen is where the front end was before moving. On farm slaughter is truly a process, requiring specialized equipment, planning and hard work. The Pierce County Conservation District provides organic farms of the area basic equipment needed to continue with the processing. The District purchases Kill Cones, Scalder, and a Plucker from the Featherman Company to rent out to small farmers for on farm use. The proces sing begins with inserting the chickens head down into the kill cones, grasping the head and cutting the carotid arteries to efficiently bleed the chickens. The next step is hanging the birds two at a time on the dunker and scalded them in 150F water to loosen the feathers. A 5-7 second dunk into the dunker allows for the feathers to be pulled out by hand without resistance. The birds are then placed into the plucker, which looks like a washing machine, and it plucks them clean. The last steps are; cutting the feet off, pull off head, eviscerate, rinse and chill the birds. Refrigerate the birds and freeze them in gallon bags. Results Organic farming allows for the earths increasing population to contribute to a healthy, happy, and natural world. The variation of benefits that are created when farming organically, create positive aspects for the direct species and the environment. The recycling of organic wastes as soil additions is especially promoted in sustainable agricultural farming systems. Due to the area the chickens are raised in, we as consumers depend on organic meat quality, which is easily determined. There are many things that need to be identified such as; age at slaughtering, physical activity, pasture intake, and genetic strains (Castellini 2008). Organic food production is extremely regulated industry, different than that of private gardening. Special certification is used in order to market food as organic within state borders. Some certifications allow for certain amounts of chemicals and pesticides to be used so consumers need to the standards of organic in there area. Commercial chicken has t he possibility of being exposed to heavy metals and other contaminants (Fakayode 2003). Organic chicken meat has many positive aspects that come along with it. Organic meat has been found to have a shorter shelf life and have less fat content compared to traditionally raised and commercially processed chicken (Lewis et al. 1997). The variety of additions that are found in commercially raised poultry include hormones, antibiotics, and various amounts of pesticides, all that could affect a populations health (Wozniak 2010). This creates an increase in the health effects for organic chicken and allows for the absence of chemicals into our systems. Health can also be negatively affected if the organic chicken is raised improperly, and could possibly carry a higher case of salmonella. Health risks that are associated with commercially raised chickens and the antibiotics that are used on them, have been shown with research to increase risk of cancer, onset of puberty, and germ resistance in some people (Salter 2010). On organic farms, soil fertility is maintained mainly with organic matter from animals that are present, in contrast to conventional farmers who use fresh manure, chemical fertilizers, and large amounts of pesticides. Organic chicken has many different flavors due to the lack of these pesticides and fertilizers. There is also more flavor in chicken thats not commercially produced, it tends to be tenderer and have more complex flavors (Castellini 2006). The benefits outweigh the costs of creating an organic farm. Some issues revolving around organic chicken have been found to have more fat than protein in some farms due to type of organic food intake (Wang 2010). Enhancement of biodiversity through organic farming should not be assumed to be perfect; the benefits may be offset by crop type, organic management practices and the specific habitat requirements in the surrounding landscape. Due to the large varieties of organic farming practices each farm has its own requirements based on state issued regulations. Cost is also of issue due to the high prices of feed grain for organic chicken and this in turn is causing an increase in chicken prices at markets. Organic chicken has many health benefits and also some disadvantages to consumers. These issues are thoroughly being researched in the environmental world, and will continue to break new ground. Cost, production, and handling techniques are all measured and calculated in order to show the known advantages of organic farms processing chickens. Sustainability is an important issue to organic farms and with fully processing chickens it will create a circle of balance between the chicken egg all the way up until it is processed.

Theodore Roosevelt and Progressivism :: American America History

Theodore Roosevelt and Progressivism Despite the criticism of their reform efforts, Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson's commitment to and success in achieving national reform made them successful progressive presidents. There hasn't yet been a presidency that didn't receive criticism, with or without justification. Roosevelt in particular, received a lot of praise and criticism for his successes and failures. Overall, however, both Roosevelt and Wilson acknowledged and were committed to bringing about changes during their presidencies. They were both good presidents for the Progressive Era. President Roosevelt was deeply criticized during his presidency. Robert La Follette, the Republican leader of Progressivism before Roosevelt, was one of Roosevelt's biggest critics. In his Autobiography: A personal narrative of political experiences, he talks about Roosevelt's reform policies, particularly his position on the Anti-Trust Law and his trust strategy in general, and how he didn't solve the problems, but only increased the growth of monopolies and the power of business (Doc E). There were also many political cartoons published which criticized Roosevelt's policies. One in particular pictures Roosevelt singing loudly his Progressive fallacies, with La Follette sulking in the background (Doc G). There was justification to criticize Roosevelt. Although he was infamous for his "square deal," taking on trusts, he busted only about half as many trusts in twice as much time as President Taft later did. The cases he did take on were high profile, and he was noisy about them. Also , he may have only fought trusts because he thought it would be riskier to ignore them. Woodrow Wilson also had policies that were controversial, and the extent of his progressivism can be questioned. Wilson's progressive attitude didn't extent to many areas. For example, he didn't reform the way government corruption occurred. He would even encourage this by giving his friends rewards and punishing his enemies. He operated on a minimal spoils system. He was also quite racist. His reform policies didn't extend to African-Americans. He appointed many Southern racists to his cabinet and was strongly opposed to black suffrage. He considered enfranchisement an evil. Wilson also didn't want to reform social injustices. Offering no support for the ratification a suffrage movement, Wilson preferred state action for women's suffrage. Child labor was another issue he considered a state matter. Reform was something Wilson only considered on certain issues. Despite questions of motive and success, Roosevelt can be considered a successful progressive president and reformer.

Problem With The Media Essay -- essays research papers

Problems with the Media There has been an ongoing dispute concerning the media's perception of how people are supposed to look. It seems that every year, the expectations of looking thin becomes harder and harder to meet. I know this from a personal experience of my own. A few years ago, I would look in magazines and see girls wearing size one or size two clothes. By look at this at least once every month, I started to feel that I was inadequate and I had to loose weight. Unfortunately, I took my dieting to far and over used diet pills. Because of my abuse to the pills, I almost became addicted and that's when I realized how distorted the media's idea of looking good was. Fortunately there are numerous amounts of people that agree with me. This would include a woman writer, Susan Bordo, who wrote about the media's ideas of being thin, and how she thinks that they are wrong In the essay "Never Just Pictures" by Susan Bordo, she discusses the issue of the media's promotion of being skinny and what affects this has brought. The media claims that the phobia of being fat is a disease that you are born with, but that is not always the case. Bordo, like many other people, believe that the media is mostly to blame. Bordo brings up a few arguments, such as Freud's opposing thoughts along with the ads cutting back the use of make-up, but never goes into Yarbrough 2 great detail with the opposing side. Throughout the essay, Bordo uses many examples, along with pictures, to help prove her point. By using her emotions, evidence, and experience as a writer on similar subjects, she reaches her audience and gives and effective and convincing argument. Bordo proves her creditability throughout the paper. She demonstrates that she is an intellectual woman with a grasp on current events. She mentions articles from highly renowned newspapers, such as The New York Times and The New Yorker, along with referring to newscasters' comments from the 1996 Olympic games. She also justifies the writing by mentioning her pervious work in the 1993's Unbearable Weight, where she discusses similar issues. The book, published by the University Press, shows that she had obvious academic knowledge and support. Bordo's targets an audience of younger to middle-aged women by using termi... ... though it might not seem completely fair, Bordo saves the media's responses and mentions them at the end. The reason why she does this is not only keep the reader interested but not going back and forth on the issue, but also build up the audiences agreement with her. This way she can get more response from her reader up against the press. When Bordo does mention the opposing side, anything that the media says and/or does just isn't good enough because they are causing people to get sick and sometimes die. This would force the audience to agree with her more, which is what she wants. Bordo does a great job with getting in touch with the reader. This article, however, is not very effective unless the reader cares about the issue before they pick it up and read it. She does a good job of arguing with the opposing sides, so if someone reads the article and their beliefs are against her beliefs; there is a possibility that they would change their minds. The reason for the possible change of heart from her lists of examples, her reasoning with it being backed up by media proof, and how much feeling she puts into the essay

The Shoe Industry :: essays research papers

The Shoe Industry The shoe industry is one of the biggest moneymakers in the market, but it's facing many changes, rushes, and difficulties. The big power in the industry is Nike inc. which all the other companies are trying to be like. Some changes are the industry as a whole is moving there factories to the far east such as China. The reason for this is they are trying to save costs for producing there shoes by paying there workers less because they are in the far east. Nike and Reebok have already been in the east. The shoe industry not including Nike inc. is trying to make rushes to be number one, two, and three. Another rush the industry is making, is the rush for the deadline of sports shoes. In other words coming up with shoes for the sports that are in season. The difficulties the shoe industry has are making shoes that all people wear such as setting a style for both inner city people and suburb people. Another difficulty the shoe industry has is getting its stock value to rise again because all but Nike and Fila's stock has dropped. This is what the shoe industry is all about and the difficulties, problems, and advances it has. There are four major companies in the shoe industry. The dominant industry is Nike inc.. Then going down the line is Reebok, Fila, and Adidas. Nike being the superpower has been in front of all the other industries for many years. Right now Reebok is the closest company to Nike and is $2,459 behind in value in MIL. Nike's earnings in the last quarter leaped 24% which has pleased Wall Street investors. With such earnings Nike announced a 2-to-1 stock split, its second in many years. Nike and Reebok are far ahead than the other companies because there factories are already in the far east, and other companies are just starting to build them. With Nike's earnings so high it'll be very hard for any of the companies to take over the number one spot. Also, it'll be hard to get the people's support in there products because most people have faith in Nike. Reebok number two in the industry is facing many problems. First, there is friction between the management spots for Reebok. Second, Reebok is having difficulty finding sports stars to endorse there products. Finally, Reebok's stock has dropped and is still dropping. The reason for this is the people do not prefer the shoes in how they look and how comfortable they are.

For which characters in Of Mice And Men do you feel sympathy the most? Essay

Refer closely to the novel in your answer. I felt some sympathy for Curley’s wife as she was the loneliest of them all. She had a husband who didn’t love or respect her as he went to brothels. As well as Curley’s wife I pitied Slim. He has a lot of responsibility and calms everything down in a tense situation. He was the only person who knew that George shot Lennie after the death of Curley’s wife, which shows the amount of responsibility that is on his shoulders. I have some for Crooks as he is at a disadvantage as he is black so will have a lot of prejudice towards him. He is not allowed in the bunkhouse and so he would be very lonely. He also has the disability of having a crooked back. In the end I felt pity for Candy as the prospect of owning a farm is shattered. He could have lived the rest of his years in relative comfort. Steinbeck uses effective pathos after the death of Curley’s wife. ‘ His eyes blinded with tears and he turned and Went weakly out of the barn’ Now that he knows the dream is over he has nothing to look ahead to which is saddening. Because of his age he won’t be able to get a job. You also pity him because of his disability, which won’t help him find a job. ‘I wont have no place to go, an’ I can’t get no more jobs.’ Also when Carlson shot his dog to put it out of his misery I felt some sympathy. He had the dog for along time and had grown attached to it. Without his dog he would be lonely .This theme of loneliness runs throughtout the book. He then shows regret that someone other than himself shot his dog. ‘I shouldn’t ought to have let no stranger shoot my dog.’ I have sympathy for Lennie as when he had killed Curley’s wife he had ruined the dream for everyone. He would have felt bad about this and the fact that he wouldn’t be able to tend the rabbits which was one of his fears. The other being Ggeorge leaving him, which would mean that he would be lonely. His fear run’s loose as he listens to a talking rabbit: ‘If you think George, gonna let you tend the rabbit, your even crazier’n usual.’ Lennie always has George telling him what to do because he keeps on doing stupid things. In a way Lennie should be pleased about someone keeping a lookout for him but because Lennie is so slow he is upset by it and sometimes Lennie loses his temper. I felt sorry for him most when Curley started a fight with. ‘Lennie’s hands remained at his side; he was too frightened to defend himself. This is because people usually feel sorry for things that are defenceless. But even after Curley had repeatedly punched him Lennie still shows remorse for breaking his hand, which shows he is a ‘nice fella’ . A guy who you wouldn’t want something like this to happen to. ‘I didn’t wanta hurt him.’ The reason I don’t feel sorry for Lennie is because he has a companion like George to look after him and because he is so stupid he doesn’t realise what how poor his lifestyle is. ‘But he was too dumb even to know he had a joke played on him’ I feel sympathy for George as he is lumbered with Lennie. ‘Lennie for god’s sake don’t drink so much.’ It’s as if George is looking after Lennie like they have a parent/child relationship. A similar thing occurs when George threw away the dead mouse Lennie kept in his pocket I feel pity for George as he has a lot of pent up aggression as he uses phrases like ‘son of a bitch’ and ‘crazy bastard’. This is probably caused by the situation he is in. He has no security and his only companion is Lennie who is always getting into trouble. I feel empathy for George, as he is so lonely. This is the same with all the other characters. ‘Guys like us that work on ranches are the loneliest guys in the world’. The only way George can escape this position is through his and Lennies’s dream, of owning a farm. George and Lennie ‘aint got nothing to look ahead to’ but the dream sets them a goal. Then George has to do a horrible thing by killing his only friend. He didn’t even seem to think about other alternatives but he saved Lennie from being tortured. Steinbeck builds this up from when Candy’s dog was shot to save it from the pain of living up until George saving Lennie from the pain of being tortured The reason I don’t feel sorry for George is that he has a companion like Lennie. Someone he can trust. If Lennie was in the same position he wouldn’t survive like George, as he doesn’t have the brain. So George can be thankful that it wasn’t vice versa. ‘Lennie who had been watching imitated George exactly’ This shows that Lennie adores George and is a kind of role model. It also shows that Lennie likes him so he won’t double cross him. He is too stupid to do that anyway. I have little empathy to with Curley, as he is lonelier than ever without his wife. He is always getting into fights, which could mean that he is looking for attention. I have sympathy for is the Boss, as he owns the place. He is most probably rich and has a lot of luxuries compared to the workers .I do have some empathy towards the boss .He also has a lot of responsibility as he has to run the ranch and has a son like Curley who is always causing trouble. Through this book Steinbeck tried to portray what the poor people felt at the time. It shows us that the ‘American’ dream doesn’t always come true and that the battle between the ‘good guy’ and the ‘bad guy’ doesn’t always go in the ‘good guy’s’ favour.

Planned Obsolescence

Planned obsolescence is the industrial tactic of designing, manufacturing, and distributing a product with an inadequate lifespan, as so it will become obsolete specifically to force the consumers to buy the latest generation of said product. These products are put into practice before the next generation is even fully functional; companies like Apple are most famous for doing this. Planned obsolescence has been in use since the beginning of the Great Depression and for the past eighty years the ethical grounds of companies and the reliability of their products has been argued.As 20th century economist Victor Lebow says in his article on consumer capitalism, Price Competition in 1955: Our enormously productive economy demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfactions, our ego satisfactions, in consumption†¦ We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced, and discarded at an ever increasing pace. (Lebow, Price Competition in 1955) Planned obsolescence goes hand and hand with conspicuous consumption, the act of spending money to acquire luxury goods and services in order to publicly exhibit ones economic power.The 1950s was a time of immense consumption of household goods and services. Tupperware and kitchen appliances were products of vast majority that persistently improved and with conspicuous consumption, was bought. Car commercials today take advantage of American consumers with their annual announcements of new models. Every model is designed with the motive it will be bought. A model only a year older than the one previous can be expected now to include an MP3 playing stereo with hands free cell phone capabilities as well as higher miles per gallon and durability.Although the auto industry is trusted most with reliable products they are still infamous for their use of technical obsolescence. Technical obsolescence is when the cost of repairs is u nparalleled with replacement cost. It can be tremendously cheaper to replace a nine or ten year old car rather than repair frame and axel damage from wear and tear or even an accident. (The Daily Green) Style obsolescence also plays factor when the definition of what an attractive product is changes, therefore newer models are made in order to provide a more aesthetically pleasing ppeal. Marketing has always been driven by aesthetic design. By continually introducing fresh designs whilst retargeting and discounting the others, corporations can do what is called â€Å"riding the fashion cycle. † The fashion cycle is the repeated introduction, rise, popular culmination, and decline of a style as it progresses through various social strata. (The Daily Green) A certain style of dress is primarily aimed at high income worth and then steadily re-targeted to lower income segments.In the beginning of the Ugg craze, Uggs were going at incredibly high prices and as years pass they depr eciate in value. The same cycle happens for designer brands like Coach or Vera Bradley. The fashion cycle will repeat itself in cases when an obsolete product that was once stylish regains popularity and ceases to be obsolete. (New Vision Ireland) Think of the Miami Vice suits, shoulder pads and parachute pants, trends of the 80s that no longer exist yet styles like oversized tops, fingerless gloves, miniskirts and huge earrings have found themselves back in the limelight.As advanced as the public feels technology is, with the idea of planned obsolescence in manufacturers’ minds, everything is built with a fail safe for producers. Obsolescence by depletion is a form of planned obsolescence used in products like home printers. The color printer is useful for consumers who need to print photos and graphics/charts for presentations, but other than that, there is not always a need to print color. An owner can choose to print only black with their colored ink jet printer except at a price.Despite the owners’ indications that they want black and white prints, the color cartridge, at a smaller amount than normal, will be used in order to deepen the shade of the text or graphics. So that leads to the question, can’t one just take the color cartridge out? Unfortunately not, in order for the printers to function properly all the cartridges must be in place even if one cartridge is out of ink completely it still has to be left in. In the long run people who print enough black and white will pay the cost when the colored ink needs replacement. Castle Ink Cartridges & The Daily Green) In some cases notification may be combined with the deliberate disabling of a product to prevent it from working. Printer manufacturers like EPSON are infamous for employing proprietary smart chips in their ink cartridges to prevent them from being used after a certain threshold even though the cartridge still contains usable ink. Some companies have developed a version o f obsolescence in which the product reports to the owner on when it is time to buy a replacement.Pool water filters are known to display replacement messages at predetermined times and some disposable razors have color changing strips to mark blade dullness. Whether consumers are notified before the product has truly depreciated or the product simply deteriorates more quickly than is required, planned obsolescence is the result. (New Vision Ireland) Systemic obsolescence is the intentional effort to make a product obsolete by altering the structure in which it is used in such a way that it makes its continued use problematic.Newer software is frequently introduced that is incompatible with older versions. One example of systematic obsolescence is Microsoft Corporation’s termination of support for Microsoft’s older OS services in order to meet the needs of the support for newer versions. Another Microsoft example would be their recently launched Internet Explorer 9 Web Browser that is not compatible with Windows XP even though Internet Explorer 8 is. Software is not the only technology affected by planned obsolescence; oftentimes hardware developers will prevent a product from being backwards compatible with older models. New Vision Ireland) Back in the early 1990s Nintendo launched the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES) to precede its first gaming system the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) in order to make the NES obsolete. The processing power and other capabilities of the SNES overthrew the NES and made the massive NES game library out of date because the SNES could not play the old cartridges. Those who wanted to play earlier games have to keep both systems around. (The Daily Green) In more recent times, Sony launched their console for the seventh generation consoles, the PS3.The PS3 greatly outshone the PS2 but like the SNES later models were unable to play PS2 discs. With the introduction of PS3 and its Blu-ray disc reader consum ers have begun to accept and love Blu-ray. The most concentrated opposition in the next-generation â€Å"optical video disc format wars† is between HD-DVDs and Blu-ray. Not only a format for HD video and audio, Blu-Ray is a higher-capacity storage format than HD-DVD. HD-DVD at this point is being out sold by Blu-ray. Blu-ray has not yet been considered a planned obsolescence movement yet because it still is too new of technology. (Computer Info Web)Today’s leading seller in products on the market is Apple electronics. Apple has designed products from computers to the world famous iPhone. Planned obsolescence is big in design schools and designers need to understand its workings in order to fulfill a longing career in today’s economy. Steve Jobs, the now deceased CEO of Apple, understood the importance of design in relation to selling product. An advertising magazine warned in 1928, â€Å"An article that refuses to wear out is a tragedy for business,† Stev e Jobs understood the necessity to make products obsolete and he implemented it into his products.The original iPods had less appealing designs and as the years passed. Later, Apple came out with much more attractive looking products built with more innovated advancements, but still made to be replaced within a year. (New Vision Ireland) In 2003, the Neistat Brothers made a video of them going around sharing the story of how their iPod battery only lasted 18 months and explained how Apple did not have a replacement option and they would have to buy new iPods. They took the company to court and sued on the account that Apple planned the batteries to die after a certain period of time.Before Steve Jobs passing his legacy was to leave four years of new products for the company, blueprints for a new iPod, iPad, iPhone and MacBooks were put in place and permission for new futuristic Apple headquarters was secured by Jobs in June. (Daily Mail) Without planned obsolescence there would be n o malls. There would not be any products or designers. There would be no need for architects and salespeople or even service workers all around. The ideas of planned obsolescence, although beneficial in fulfilling our needs as humans, depreciate the overall lifespan of the products we use.It is debatable whether companies are to blame, but in the end the consumer is still the ones who replace these intolerable products. Works Cited â€Å"Consumerism: Planned Obsolescence – New Vision Ireland. † New Vision Ireland. NVI, n. d. Web. 10 June 2012. . â€Å"HOT Web Resource for Computer Info, Maintenance , Information Technology, Security, Training, Outsourcing: Blu-Ray. † http://www. computerinfoweb. com. Computer Info Web, n. d. Web. 10 June 2012. . Howard, Brian C. Planned Obsolescence: 8 Products Designed to Fail. † The Daily Green. The Daily Green, Aug. 2011. Web. 10 June 2012. . Koep, Gregg. â€Å"Not Buying Anything. † Notbuyanything. com. Not Buy Anything, 30 Mar. 2012. Web. 10 June 2012. . Lebow, Victor. â€Å"Price Competition in 1955. † Journal of Retailing Spring 1955 (1955): n. pag. Print. < http://classroom. sdmesa. edu/pjacoby/journal-of-retailing. pdf> â€Å"Printing Monochrome Pages Using a Color Printer. Castle Ink Cartridges. Ed. Adam Haigh. N. p. , 16 Feb. 2010. Web. 10 June 2012. . Ubeda, Joan. â€Å"The Cutting Edge. † News. The Cutting Edge, 21 Mar. 2011. Web. 10 June 2012. . Gardner, David. â€Å"Steve Jobs’ Secret Legacy: Dying Apple Boss Left Plans for Four Years of New Products. † Mail Online. Daily Mail, 8 Aug. 2011. Web. 14 June 2012. .

Passing-Death of Clare Essay

The death of Clare at the end of Nella Larsen’s Passing though left unclear was, in my opinion, caused by Irene pushing her out of the window. Nella Larsen does not specify what exactly happened, but Irene pushing Clare out of the window seems like the most plausible one. I don’t know whether Larsen intentionally left the ending so abruptly but I just feel as if Irene was the one to kill Clare. Larsen makes this point clear through the phrasing she uses when describing the self-esteem destruction Irene undergoes once Clare has reinserted herself into Irene’s life, and the situations Irene finds herself as a direct result of Clare. Prior to Clare’s reentrance into her life Irene is a self-assured, independent, and confident woman; however, she soon turns self-conscious, dependent, and hesitant. When viewing Clare at the hotel Irene is struck by Clare’s beauty stating, â€Å"She’s really almost too good-looking â€Å"(Larsen 27). The word â€Å"good-looking† shows that Clare is beautiful, however, it is the addition of the word â€Å"too† that indications that Irene feels inferior to Clare’s beauty. Clare embodies beauty, as she is â€Å"too good-looking†. When Clare requests her presence at tea Irene fears Clare will not believe that she had a previous engagement. Larsen writes, â€Å"She was afraid Clare would not believe it† (Larsen 27). It seems foolish that Irene should care what Clare believes of her integrity. Irene’s self-esteem not only continues to deteriorate, but displays of internalized racism begin to present themselves through illogical thought and irrationality. Irene describes Brian in the same way she does Clare as, â€Å"extremely good-looking† (Larsen 77). Irene, does not view herself as â€Å"good-looking†, therefore she believes herself unworthy of Brian an â€Å"extremely good-looking† man, so she assumes Brian and Clare are engaging in an affair. Despite assurances from Brian that he does not view Clare as â€Å"extraordinarily beautiful†, Irene remains convinced that they have engaged in a relationship. As an African-American woman Irene must contend with the ideology that she is not worthy because of her complexion. Clare’s presence in her life forces Irene to face feelings of inferiority. Though Clare is African-American she lives her life as a white woman. Irene no longer views Clare as African-American, but a white woman who threatens her life. White women are believed to be the epitome of beauty, so why would Brian, when presented with the best, not choose the finest option according to society? Larsen writes, â€Å"Irene Redfield wished, for the first time in her life she  had not been born a Negro† (151). Larsen includes the word â€Å"first† to inform readers that Clare is the cause for Irene’s internalized racism. She had never before contemplated what it would be like to have been born of another ethnicity. Clare forces Irene to feel inferior within her own home because she is not white. She is told everyday by society that she is inferior because of her skin color and now because of Clare she must return home and struggle with the knowledge she is not worthy of her husband because she is not white. While Clare never voices her emotions to Irene, she fears Clare; though she never verbalizes this fact Larsen shows it by writing, â€Å"A conviction that the words were intended as a warning took possession of Irene† (Larsen 166). Irene is in her own home, yet she feels Clare somehow â€Å"possessing† her. Larsen creates an image of an innocent person forced into a situation. The word possession implies a lack of choice and that Irene feels lesser. In Irene’s eye Clare is not a woman who passes, but a white woman whose presence in her home threatens the comfort and security of her life. Irene has managed to eradicate all knowledge that Clare is actually a biracial woman â€Å"passing† as white, allowing her to see Clare as she views all white women in society, as threats. Larsen indications this when saying, â€Å"she was aware that, to her, security was the most important and desired thing in life† (169). Towards the end of the book, after Irene runs into John Bellew, she begins to think about Clare and John divorcing. And Larsen writes, â€Å"Then came a thought which she tried to drive away. If Clare should die! Then – Oh, it was too vile! To think, yes, to wish that! She felt faint and sick. But the thought stayed with her. She could not get rid of it† (101). The thoughts that Larsen has Irene thinking makes it seem as if Irene wants Clare dead. If she really cared about her she would never have thought about her dying and if she had for some reason then the thought would not have stayed with her. Later on in the same scene, Larsen writes, â€Å"She turned her face to into her pillow to cry. But no tears came† (101). I think that if Irene really felt bad about her thoughts, she would have cried about it. When Irene finally realized that Clare had died she had so many thoughts in her head. Larsen writes, â€Å"It was an accident, a terrible accident,’ she muttered fiercely. ‘It was† (112). The inclusion of that last line, the italicized â€Å"was† makes it seem as if Irene was trying to reassure herself that it wasn’t her fault. And then she goes on thinking about whether she  should have stayed or not because she knew that people would eventually find her body and ask questions. In a few sentences Larsen establishes that Irene is self-conscious about what Clare will think of her, dependent on the approval of Clare, and hesitant to make a decision for fear of what Clare might choose to believe. Irene’s destruction continues as Clare inserts herself into Irene’s inner circle of family and friends. Irene went from having a good head on her shoulders to becoming a paranoid jealous women; which leads readers to believe that Irene pushed Clare.

Boko Haram is winning so far in Nigeria Essay

Nigeria has ever faced series of security threatening challenges, but Boko haram is the most powerful sect so far. The sect claims responsibility for several bombings and snip activities in the northern and central Nigeria, thereby placing the nation at the threshold of disintegration this paper describes briefly how the Terrorists use murder, kidnapping, and bombings to pursue a political agenda. Then will introduce the rise of Boko Haram, a radical Islamist sect who is fighting to overthrow the government in Nigeria and create an Islamic state. Many questions in mind like who are this group? Who’s funding it? How they treat their prisoners? The government has been unable to put an end to it, will see at the end if he gets any help from other nations? In past years, most people thought terrorism is only happening in the Middle East countries but now terrorism is every were, even in the most powerful countries. Terrorism is more like terrible and brutal violence with only one purpose of terrified the people. It has two main purposes, to put pressure on the authorities, to spread fear and uncertainty first between the people; their action involves serious violence against a person or serious damage to property, endangers a person’s life. Second, they interfere to disrupt an electronic system, influence the government, advancing a political, religious or ideological cause. According to Rotberg, nation-states fail because they are convulsed by internal violence, and as a result are unable to provide security and positive political goods to their citizens. (2003:1). The Religion Terrorism is one of the most violent they think that dying in a terrorist act is sacred and holy; they see it as divinely commanded. Boko haram is Nigeria’s militant Islamist group which has caused havoc in Africa’s. It seems that the sect may prefer to be called â€Å"Jama’atu Ahlissunnah lidda’ awati wal Jihad† , which can be glossed â€Å"Committed to the Propagation of the Prophet’s Teachings and Jihad† (Mu’azu 2011:17).They believe that anyone who is not governed by what Allah has revealed is among the transgressors. They killed around six hundred people in various attacks in 2011, and the number of casualties doubled in the first four months of 2012 (Pothuraju 2012:1) Because they regards at the Nigerian state as being run by non-believers, even when the country had a Muslim president. Boko Haram members are fully convinced that moral and social decadence has eaten deep into the fabric of the Nigerian society and are resolved to rid the society of corruption and moral bankruptcy by establishing an ideal Islamic society, devoid of political corruption and moral deprivation (Akanji 2009:60) One of the most powerful factors that contribute the Boko haram is that the Islamic Republics, donations from members who links with Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, During the interview, on 14 June 2010, Droukdel the leader of AQIM claimed that his â€Å"group would provide Boko Haram with weapons, training, and other support in order to expand its own reach into Sub-Saharan Africa not only to gain ‘strategic depth,’ but also to defend Muslims in Nigeria and stop the advance of a minority of Crusaders† (cited in Pham 2012:3). With funding from government, they are able to buy and train more men than most other terrorist organizations. In effect, with their financial support, Boko Haram backers have become—covertly or overtly—a part of the conspiracy to instigate war against the Nigerian state, civilians, Christians, students, and public institutions (Adesoji 2011:107). Leaders of many Christian organizations in Nigeria have out in support of the government’s decision to declare a state of emergency in the country’s northern states, Borno, Adamawa and Yobe. Many of their peoples live in a terror because of the group targets the religious minority for some of its most brutal attacks. Also, the government in Nigeria has asked its northern neighbor Niger for help in an offensive against Boko Haram insurgents. Plus, the U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton mentioned Boko Haram during her testimony before Congressional committees. She called it part of the same global jihadist movement as al-Qaida and Ansar al-Sharia. Finally, Boko Haram has killed thousands as it seeks to spread conservative Islamic law across Nigeria. Its frequent bombing targets include police, soldiers and Christian churches. Nigeria’s military have been involved in heavy fighting against this sect and hopefully with the help of the other nations, the government gets back the control on Nigeria. Works Cited Adesoji, Abimbola, O. 2011. Between Maitatsine and Boko Haram: Islamic Fundamentalism and the Response of the Nigerian State. Africa Today 57(4):99-119 Akanji, Olajide, 0. 2009. The Politics of Combating Domestic Terrorism in Nigeria. In Domestic Terrorism in Africa: Defining, Addressing and Understanding its impact on Human Security, edited by W. Okumu and A. Botha. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies Mu’azu, Abubakar. 2011. Understanding the Emerging Trend of Terrorism in Nigeria: A Case Study of Boko Haram and Similar Groups. Monograph series, 16. Lagos, Nigeria: CLEEN Foundation. Pham, Peter. 2012. Boko Haram’s Evolving Threat. Africa’s Security Brief 30:1 -8 Pothurju, Babjee. 2012. Boko Haram’s Persistent Threat in Nigeria. Institute for Defense Studies and Analysis. http://www.idsa.in/system/files/ThreatlnNigeria_BabjePothuraju.pdf Rotberg, Robert. 2002. The New Nature of Nation-State Failure. The Washington Quarterly 25(3):85-96. 2003. State Failure and State Weakness in a Time of Terror. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press

Halifax & Bank of Scotland Essay

The UK has one of the most diverse and dynamic banking sectors in the world. Banking is now a highly competitive industry. Financial consumers are now more sophisticated as they are now more aware of available banking options. The assets of the UK banking system were i 3,441bn (August 2001), which were dominated by a dozen or so retail banks, with national networks, mostly serving domestic, personal and corporate customers. Currently, the big four banks – HSBC, the Royal Bank of Scotland, Lloyds TSB and Barclays, dominate retail and business banking, jointly accounting for 68% of all UK current accounts. Both Halifax, founded in 1853, and 306-year-old Bank of Scotland are seen as business icons in their regions. Halifax is based in England, while the Bank of Scotland has very few branches south of the border. A merger between these firms would increase the geographic scope for potential customers. Halifax started as a building society and is now more widely known as a big mortgage lender. In the wider community, the Halifax Bank has a very active community-banking sector catering for charity and non-profit organizations including housing associations, credit unions and community development operations. In comparison, the Bank of Scotland’s strength lies in the corporate market. It would seem very likely that both firms would like to achieve higher profitability and growth opportunity through cross-selling products to each other’s customers. For example, the products developed by Halifax could be marketed effectively to Bank of Scotland’s customers and vice versa. Because both banks operate complementary activities, it is possible the combining of both firms will result in synergies, which may also result in increased efficiency. There may also be opportunities to achieve savings through cutting some unnecessary costs. For example, the amount of staff needed for the combined firm is likely to be reduced. By merging together, the size of the combined firm will certainly increase, thus leveraging the combined spend to negotiate better deals. The market position of the combined firm will be strengthened. Its market share within the industry will increase, maybe even enough to compete with the big-four banks, thus increasing the competition within the banking industry. In reality, there are wide ranges of techniques that can help analyse a firm’s performance – some firms may base their performance on sales, whereas others through the quality of products. Economists usually analyse a firm’s performance based on the amount of profit it is making. For a thorough analysis, this paper will be looking at the firm’s: market value, profitability, stability, value for shareholders, efficiency, and capital adequacy. It must be noted that firms within the banking sector are subject to many economic uncertainties, which can influence how well a firm is doing from year to year. In this case, these uncertainties include: interest rates, employment rates, as well as the condition of the equity markets. For example, the base rate in January 2000 was 5.75%, however, at January 2002, the base rate was at 4. 00%5. To analyse the performance of the banks before and after the merger, the firms’ financial accounts will be examined and ratios will also be calculated. 6 The main performance indicators that will be analysed include: Profit before tax; Total assets; Dividends and Earnings per share. In addition, the return on equity, cost:income ratio and the firm’s capital strength will be examined. These ratios will give a clear assessment of the firm’s performance compared with that of other firms. Before the merger, in 2000, Halifax and Bank of Scotland had market values of $22,105million and $11,762million respectively. Post-merger, in 2002, HBOS then had a market value in excess of $31billion7. This immediately signifies the success of the merger, as the combined company is worth now worth a lot more in the market. Figure 1 – Profit before tax From an economic point of view, it is important that a firm makes a profit otherwise there would be no point of the existence of the firm. The Profit & Loss account of a firm shows the results of trading over the previous 12 months. It shows the net effect of income less expenses. The reason that profit before tax is analysed rather than profit after tax is due to the fact that interest rates and inflation changes could affect the amount of tax that is paid each year. In 2000, Halifax made i 1,715million profit (before tax), compared with Bank of Scotland, which made i 911million. It would be expected that when both companies have merged together, the pre-tax profit should increase. Figure 1 shows that in 2002, HBOS made a pre-tax profit of i 2,909million, which is more than the separate firms’ pre-tax profit added together. This shows that HBOS are actually performing better than the previously separate firms.

Service marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Service marketing - Essay Example Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Case Encounter 1: Travel & Tourism Industry 4 Case Encounter 2: Telecommunications Ltd 7 Case Encounter 3: Movie Rental 9 Case Encounter 4: Online Book Ordering 11 Case Encounter 5: Airline Ticket Booking 12 Conclusion 14 Journal Template 15 Introduction Services are intangible products offered to customers and are usually a series of activities which take place as a result of interaction between the customers and the service provider. Execution of different strategies has been complied under thoughtful consideration, which is also called the gap model of service quality (Zeithaml, et. al., 2011).This type of marketing is also known as relationship marketing, which revolves around delivering customer expectations and transactional marketing (Rao, 2011). Services are difficult to describe and communicate and are evident when there is new service development and the management works upon these concepts to fulfil t he customer needs and expectations (Udayton, n.d.). The quality of the services delivered by the manufacturer to develop contact with customers personally is influenced by the generalized market standards. These generalized markets standards are basically prepared against the benchmark standards for evaluation of their effectiveness. These service standards do not signify the actual customer requirements, expectations, quality of services and customer perception but they define the quality expected from the manufacturer (Mills, 2002). The five service delivery encounter by me signifies the service performance gap of the different service providers and also the experience encountered by the customers. Recording of different service provider will help in distinguishing between resources employed by these providers and also their actual quality of services. Case Encounter 1: Travel & Tourism Industry Featherworks Limited is renowned travel and Tourism Company which offers travel and to urism services to customers who want to travel in Asian and South East Asian region. The company specializes in offering excusive travel packages as well as guidance that are willing to travel in the above mentioned locations. As a first time customer, I had researched about the company and its travel tours and packages facilities. I had decided to book a travel package for three members. Service Encounter I had decided to purchase the tickets through their city branch office located at Manchester. The staff at Manchester travel city office were not only courteous and well informed about their existing services and offers, but also develop an excellent rapport with the others customers. An adequately staffed organization not only ensured that the customers are not kept waiting but also feel the pleasant ambience. Thorough product knowledge enable me to not only thoughtfully consider an array of travel options at affordable prices, but also helped me in matching the travel packages w ith my allocated budget. The booking of tickets was done immediately and prior to the booking I was made to fill up personal and professional information as per the policy of the company. Breadth of Model Used: Service Quality The quality of the service decides the customer loyalty and the customer retention power of the company. Managing service quality will help the

BIO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

BIO - Essay Example For example, research reveals that the soil is mostly polluted by release of heavy metals by vehicles. It occurs is a number of ways such as fluid leakage, combustion and corrosion of metals. Another issue is marine and coastal pollution. These causes of this problem are human activities, oil spills and sewage (Aslam et al. 316). The third issue is the development of artificial islands; it has been a big concern to environmentalist because of impacts on marine life. The artificial islands in Dubai are likely to damage the growth of reefs and affect native habitat. Additionally, material used to construct the islands affect the water; the water gets dirty (Butler). The UAE is well aware of the mentioned issues, and they are working together with international agencies to curb such issues. Companies operating quarries are regulated by Dubai Municipality. The municipality also measures the quality of air throughout UAE. Pollution from automobiles will be reduced by introduction of cleaner compressed gas. The gas will be available for trucks, buses, and taxis that have been the main contributors to air pollution (Mills). Aslam Junaid, Khan Saeed Ahmad and Khan Sheba Haque. â€Å"Heavy metals contamination in roadside soil near different traffic signals in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.† Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 17 (2013): 315–319.

Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Tourism - Essay Example After this point the paper will give some insight as to the overall trends in the international community specifically in the United States. Next an in depth analysis will be conducted as to how the UK travel industry has been affected by the recession and provide insight as to what strategies some organizations have opted to utilize in effort to combat the recession specifically focusing on strategies such as offering new low cost options or increased advertising. Building on these points this paper will argue that many of these changes may simply be short term strategies designed to adjust to temporary changes in consumer preferences and how some strategies are designed to be coherent long term strategies. In an article published by the Suffolk City Council (2008) a number of different groups were identified as being the most likely to be affected by the current recession. Primarily identified were in terms of individuals were people with low incomes such as those people with fixed incomes, and those people unable to cope with rising costs such as those heavily in debt. In regards to manufacturers and service providers the research summary identified that companies manufacturing durable consumer goods such as washing machines or cars will be severely negatively affected by the recession owing to the fact that consumers are reluctant to make big purchases in times of economic uncertainty. More importantly to this topic the Suffolk City Council (2008) identifies that the service sector will be the most negatively affected sector insofar as retail, financial services leisure has already seen some of its biggest decrease in output levels since the mid nineties. The reasoning behind this d ecrease in the service sector (Specifically the leisure sector) is because of the falling consumer confidence in the overall economy. According to Barbaro and Uchitelle (2008) it is the case that in the American context consumer confidence in the strength of